Greenhouse Gas Theipar Chia

Kan vawleipumpi lumnak (global warming) a zualtertu bik cu Greenhouse gas timi a si. Hlan deuh ahcun scientist nih vawleipumpi hi a lum chin lengmang ti cu an rak theih nain a ruang an rak thei kho lo. Scientist tampi nih a phunphun in vawleipumpi lumnak cu an chim i, NPR nih 1989 in a voikhatnak bik "Global warming" timi biafang hi an hman hmasat.

Khuacaan Thlennak Kong Ruahnak Phunphun

Global warming timi ruahnak a chuahnak ding caah, mifim mi hna nih thil an hmuhmi hi a dotdot in a um i, kum tampi chung an tuak hnu ah an chimmi a si. 1815 in mifim cheukhat nih tikhal (glacier) an titmi an rak hmuh in an rak tuaktan chung cang. Rili tii zong a lum deuh ti an van theih i, a ruang cu an rak thei kho lo.

1960 in Charles David Keeling nih vawleipumpi ah Carbon Dioxide (CO2) hi a karh chin lengmang tiah a rak ti. Kum khat hnu kum khat, vawleipumpi ah CO2 a karh chin lengmangmi kha "Keeling Curve" tiah an ti. CO2 a karh deuhdeuh in vawleipumpi a lum deuhdeuh. Cucaah CO2 a karhmi le vawleipumpi lumnak hi aa pehtlai lai tiah an rak zumh. Fianternak zong tampi an rak tuah. Asinain scientist cheukhat nih an rak pawm lo.

1973 ah Britist scientist James Lovelock nih "chlorofluorocarbons" (CFCs) timi nih hin vawleipumpi a lumter deuh ko rua tiah ruahnak a rak chuah ve. 1975 ah V. Ramannathan timi pa nih, CFCs gas hi vancung ah hin a tlawm ngai ko nain, nika ceu hi CO2 nakin a let 10,000 in a dawp khawh deuh caah, hi gas hi vawleipumpi lumtertu ding ah a biapi ngaingai tiah a ti. Hi CFCs gas hi "Ozone gas zortertu" a si bik ko tiah an ruah. 1985 ah Methane gas le CFCs gas hna hi, CO2 tluk tein vawleipumpi khuacaan thlennak ah a biapi taktakmi gas a si tiah an ti.

Greenhouse Gas?

Cu gas ahcun gas phun (5) aa tel. Hi hna lakah Carbon Dioxide hi tambik a si i 65% a si. Hi gas (4) hi, vawleipumpi lumnak tambik a chuahtertu an si. Hi gas pawl a chuahnak hram (source) cu a phunphun in a um.

1. Carbon Dioxide   (76%)
2. Methane Gas        (11%)
3. Nitrous Oxide      (6%)
4. F-gases                 (2%)

Greenhouse Gas ah aa telmi dat pawl 

Acunglei hmanthlak hi zoh tikah, Carbon Dioxide dihlak i 65% a ratnak cu "fossile fuel" timi "meiti, lungmeihol, kokek gas" tibantuk le sehzung meikhu in a ra mi an si. Hi 6% hi seh riantuannak a thanchonak, motor, vanlawng, tilawng tibantuk a tamnak ram in a chuakmi a si i, ram sifak nih chuahmi cu tlawmte lawng a si.

Carbon Dioxude 11% cu thingkung ramkung le vawlei thilri kan khanghmi in a ra mi a si. Hi cu vawleicung mi vialte nih kan chuahmi a si i, Laimi nih lo le phawng kan duahmi zong in a chuak ve. Cakuak khu hmanh in a chuakmi a si.

Methane gas hi kokek in le minung cawlcanghnak in phun (2) in a chuak. Minung nih kan chuahtermi ahcun hnawm hlonhmi, satil zuatmi zunek, facang cinthlaknak le adang leikuang le lo tuahnak i hmanmi nawn phunphun in a chuak. Methane gas dilak 36% cu kokek chuakmi a si i, 64% cu minung nih chuahtermi a si.

Nitrous Oxide tambik a chuahnak cu cinthlaknak caah hmanmi ser chawmmi nawn pawl in a si. Minung kan karh chin lengmang i, eidin tirawl a let tam deuh in a chuahnak ding caah, nawn pek a hau. Cu an sermi nawn cu a tam chin lengmang i, Nitrous Oxide zong a karh chin lengmang ve.

F-gaes timi cu minung ser chawmmi thil nih a chuahpimi a si. F-gases timi ah hin "hydrofluorocarbons" (HFCs) timi hi a tam cemmi a si. HFCs ah hin thil tampi aa tel i, "hydrogen, fluorine le carbon" timi gas an i tel. Cu hna cu, "tikhal kuang (refrigerator), air-conditioning, mei-hmihnak hang le thil dangdang tampi ah an hman. Kan motor le innchung aircon zong nih, HFCs gas cu tampi an chuahter. A linh deuhdeuh le aircon kan hman deuhdeuh ahcun, HFCs gas tam chin lengmang a chuak ve.

Cun Perfluorocarbons (PFCs) timi Fluorine le Carbon zong hi a si rih. Hi hna hi electronics, nu-tamhnak thilri, sii sernak ah tampi an hman. Mei nih fawi tein kangh khawh lo nak ding caah, mei khamnak thilri sernak zongah an hman. Sulphur hexafluoride (PFC6) cu minung serchawmmi gas a si. Rim le muisam a ngei lo. Hmannak a tam ngai i, sizung lei ultrasound ca le hriamnam lei ca tiang in tampi aa hmang.

Hi a cunglei Greenhouse gas vialte hi vawleipumpi lumnak a karhtertu an si tiah tu chun scientst nih an fehtermi a si. UNO zong nih cucu a pawm hna i, hi vawleipumpi lumnak thumhnak ding hi, lam an kawl peng. Minung kan karh deuh. Sehzung, motor, vanlawng, tilawng le khu dangdang a karh deuh caah, vawleipumpi lumnak zong khulrang ngai in a karh chin lengmang nak a si.

Greenhouse gas tam bik chuahtu hna

Vawleipumpi lumnak a chuahtertu le a zualtertu Greenhouse gas tam bik a chuahtu hna ram hi, seh riantuannak a thangchomi ram deuh lawngte an si. Cu hmanh zongah thli le pawngkam zohkhenh kha biapi ah chia lo in rian, thilri tampi chuah le a miak lawng kha biapi ah a chia deuhmi ram paoh nih Greenhouse gas hi tam deuhdeuh an chuahter. Sipuazi a ruat tukmi ram paoh hi, an ram cu an dawt nain vawleipumpi cu an daw lo. An mah ram ca thatnak lawngte kha biapi ah a chiami an si deuh hna.

Taiwan ram rel chih in, nihin ni ah vawleicung pumpi ah ram 196 a um i, cu chung ah thli hnawmtam tambik a chuahtu ram hna cu a tanglei ah kan van langhter.  Atanglei hmanthlak hi, 2011 ah ramkip nih Greenhouse gas zeizat dah an chuah timi, a buaktlak in an tuakmi a si.

2011 ah Vawleipumpi ah greenhouse gas dihlak i 28% cu Tuluk nih an chuah i, 16% cu U.S.A an si. EU hi ram (28) an si i an zapi tein 10% an chuah. Russia le India nih 6% veve an chuah. Japan nih 4% a chuah ve. Hi ram vialte hna hi, zoh tikah motor, vanlawng, tilawng le sehzung a tamnak ram lawngte an si. USA lawng nih hin, 2015 ah CO2 hi metric ton 5,271 a chuah ti a si.

Greenhouse gas hi zeitluk dah an chuah timi lung fiannak ding ah hitin kan van tuak lai.

1. Tuluk lawng nih EU ram (28) le U.S chuahmi nak tam a chuah.

2. Tuluk nih hin EU ram (28), Russia, India le Japan ram nak tam a chuah.

3. Tuluk lawnglawng nih, Greenhouse gas tlawmbik a chuahmi ram 190 tluk deng a chuah.

4. Tuluk le U.S lawng nih, Greenhouse gas tlawmbik a chuahmi ram 168 le EU ram le Japan ram chuahmi zat bak an chuahter.

5. U.S lawng nih EU (ram 28) le Russia chuahmi zat a chuah.

6. U.S lawng nih EU (ram 28) le India chuahmi zat a chuah

7. U.S lawng nih Russia, India le Japan ram (3) chuahmi zat a chuahter

8. U.S., EU ram le Japan lawng nih Greenhouse gas tlawmbik a chuahmi ram 190 nih an chuahmi zat bakte an chuahter.

Cucaah a cunglei thil sining zoh tikah, kan vawleicung thli a hnomhtertu bik ram hna cu-Tuluk, U.S, India, Russia, Japan le EU ram hna an si. A bik in Tuluk le US lawng nih 44% an chuahter i, vawleicung pumpi chuahmi he aa zat ngacha. Cucaah vawleipumpi a lumtetu bik ram tiah kutdong sawh bik dingmi ram hna cu, Tuluk le U.S an si. Hi hna hi, vawleipumpi lumtertu bik ah tuanvo ngei bik an si.

Greenhouse Gas tambik chuahtu ram hna

Greenhouse Gas Chuahtertu Sehzung 

U.S hi ram a rak kauh tuk i an thli le tii hi a thiang ngaimi a lo. A ruang cu sehzung le riantuannak seh inn phunphai paohpaoh cu khua he aa naihnak ah an chia tuk hna lo. Fingtlang, hawrkuang le nelrawn dupdap umnak le minung tlawmnak hmun ah an chiah hna. Cucaah lampi (highway) hna in hmuh ding hi a tlawm ngaingai.

Khua tampi ka tlawng i, kan mah Ohio zong ah hin khua hriangkam deuh ahcun tihnung taktak a simi sehzung lianlian an um i, meikhu cu ti cawk lo in a chuak. Cucu a chuakmi cu zarh khat ah ni 7; kum khat ah ni 365 aa mermi an si ko hna. Cu sehzung nih chunzan hlan in a chuahtermi meikhu lak i Greenhouse gas cu, a ti ti cawk lo an si.

Atanglei sehzung hna hi, ramkip ummi Geenhouse gas tampi a chuahtertu sehzugn an si hna i, hi hna nih kan vawleicung ah hin greenhouse gas hi, chunzan hlan in an chuahter ko. Cu greenhouse gas cu vawlei le vancung thli a kai khawh tilonak karlak ah an i tap i, cu aa tapmi nih cun nika ceu a linmi kha, an dawp i cu thil nih vawleipumpi lumnak a chuahpi tiah scientist nih an ti.

Hi sehzung pawl hi, control lo in hi tining bak in an tuah cio ahcun, kan vawlei cu Pathian nih caan donghter a hau lem lai lo. Sehzung ngeitu mirum pawl ruangah kan vawleipumpi hi minung nun khawh lo ding tiang in nikhatkhat ahcun a um khomi a si. Atu hmanh ah ram cheu khat cu degree 121 (F) hna a phan cang i, AD 2100 ahcun Middle East ram pawl hna cu, minung nunnak ah a har ngaingai lai tiah an ti.

CO2 a tam deuh i vawleipumpi a lum deuhdeuh. Tikhal an ti i rili tii a thang. Khua a lum deuh tikah rilipi tii zong cu a karh ve i a kai chin ve. Cucaah hi hnu kum 60 ahcun rili cung ummi tikulh ram fa tete tampi cu rili tii nih a phum te hna lai ti a si. Rilikam khua lianlian 16 zong hi, rili tii nih a hrawh te hna lai tiah an ti.

Aa dawh ngaimi a lo nain tihnung taktakmi meikhu

U.S sehzung (Rf. Huffington Post)

Greenhouse gas hi tih a nung taktak ko

Korea ram sehzung

U.S sehzung

Hell bantuk a si ko

Tihnung taktak a simi sehzung

Lo duahnak khua bantuk a si

German ram sehzung

Add caption

South Dakota

Vawlei cu lum chin lengmang lo awk a tha lo

Tihnung taktak a simi zehzung khu

Tuksapur tuk a si mi sehzung

Carbon Dioxide zeizat remruam dah a chuak hnga?

Sehzung pakhat nih khua a hrawh khawh

Greenhouse Gas Tambik Chuahtu Company Hna

Vawleicung pumpi i greenhouse gas tambik a chuahtu hna hi company 90 an si ti a si. Cu company 90 chung ahcun, private company 50 an i tel i, meiti le lungmeihawl company deuh lawngte an si: Chevron, Exxon, Royal Dutch Shell meiti company hna le lungmeihawl company a simi British Coal Corp, Peabody Energy and PHP hna hi an i tel. 

A dang company 31 cu cozah company deuh an si i, Saudi Arabia ta Saudi Aramco, Russia cozah ta Gazprom le Norway ta Statoil hna an i tel. Cozah company lungmeihawl chuahtu hna an i tel ve i, tambik cu Tuluk, Soviet Union ram pawl, North Korea le Poland le hna an si. Hi company 90 nih hin vawleipumpi greenhouse gas i thumchuah hnih an chuahter ti a si.

Beijing thli hnawm 2016 (Rf. Huffington Post)

Greenhouse Gas nih a chuahtermi

Hihi Mirang nih "Greenhouse effect" tiah an ti. Ka dang ah a kong ka tial cang. Hika ahcun a tawinak in ka tial lai. Hi greenhouse gas ruangah hin hin a tanglei khuacaan rawknak le harnak a chuak chin lengmang lai ti a si:

Vawleipumpi a lum chin lengmang lai i, ram cheukhat Middle East ram pawl cu kum 2100 ahcun nun har ngaingai lai. Tikhal tlang lianlian an ti thluahmah lai i, rilipi tii a thang lai. Rilipi tii a karh lai i a thang chinchin lai i rilicung tikulh ram fa tete tampi cu rili tii nih a phum hna lai. Rilikam khua lianlian 16 tluk cu rili tii nih harnak tampi a pek lai. Hmunkip ah ruah a tlawm lai i khua a hrem lai i, tlangcung tii harnak a chuak lai. Khuapi tampi cu tii harnak an tong hna lai. Khua a hrem lai caah, ram mei kangh a tam chin lengmang lai. Thlicia phunphun-Typhoon, cyclones, hurricane, tornado, le thlipi hna-an tam chin lengmang lai. An fak chin lengmang lai. Hmunkip ah pawngkam rawhnak a chuak lai i, vawleicung hmunkip ah "refugees" an karh chin lengmang lai.

Greenhouse Gas le vawlei khuapi hna

Greenhouse gas nih hin vawleipumpi lumnak a chuahpi lawng siloin thli thurhnomhnak zong tamtuk a chuahpi caah, minung ngandamlonak zong tampi a chuahter i, minung nunnak zong a tawiter deuh ti a si. 2016 ah Beijing khua hna cu, a thlathla bak in thli a hnawm ciammam i, khualak hmanh ah hmaihuh lo in chawh khawh a rak si lo. New Delhi te hna zong hi, thli hnomh lei ah a sang chung ah an i tel ve. Cucaah khua lianhnak deuh paoh ah a linh zong a lin deuh ti a si. Cu motor a tam tuk ruang le sehzung a tam tuk caah a si an ti. Delhi khua thlihnomhnak a ruang sang bik pakhat cu khua chungah diesel a hmangmi motor an tam tuk caah a si an ti. Hi bantuk thlihnomhnak khua um cu, nunnak ah a har taktak lai tiah scientist nih an ti.

Mifim pawl tuaknak ah, "Tuluk hna hi an ram thli tha tein a thianter lo ahcun nikhatkhat cu CO2 ruang ah an ram sipuazi hi a tla than te lai tiah ruah a si. Tuluk ram thli hi zeitluk in dah a hnomh ti ahcun USA nitlaklei tiang a phan kho ti a si.

Thli hi khualian deuh paoh an hnawm khun i, vawleicung khua lianlian Delhi, Calcutta, Bombay, Beijing, Shanghai, Bangkok, Los Angeles tibantuk hna hi, sehzung, motor le zeidang meikhu ruang ah, thli a hnawm tuk cang. Cucaah khuapi chung um hi mi tampi nih a nuam in an thei ti lo ti a si.

Thli a hnomhmi nih minung zawtnak phunphun-cuap zawtnak, khuhhring, stroke, lungrawknak le ngakchia thihnak- tampi a chuahpi. Kan vawleicung thli hnawmtam ruang ah kum chiar in vawleipumpi ah minnb 5.5 million lengmang an thi ti a si. 2012 ah cun 7 million an thi ti a si. Hi vialte zong hi Greenhouse gas le meikhu dangdang nih a chuahpimi theipar chia an si hna.

Beijing khua mipi cu hitin voi tampi an um cang

Beijing khua cu hitin meikhu nih saupi a khuh

Los Angeles khua zong hi tin meikhu nih a tuam tawn

Shanghai khua meikhu nih a tuam lio

India thli hnawmtam

Delhi motor hna le thli hnomhnak

Biafunnak

Pre. Obama chan ah hin, USA zong Greenhouse gas an chuahmi thumh ding in Tuluk he hnatlaknak an ngeih caah, cu hnatlaknak cu a tlamtlinnak lai an rak i zuam peng i, an chuahmi zong a tum taktak ve. Asinain sehzung hna remh a hau; Greenhouse gas vennak zong  tuah a hauh tikah, company cheukhat cu an ti kho ti lo i aa rawkmi zong an um ve. Pre. Trump chan ahcun Obama nih "Tii le thli thianternak Upadi" a rak tuahmi vialte zong a hrawh dih i, lungmeihawl company zong nunter than ding tiah a ti i, min zong a thut cang. Pawngkam tha a pek lo tuk caah, ramdang zong nih pawngkam tha an pek lo ahcun, kan vawlei cu thli a hnaw chin lengmang ko lai timi chim ngam a si.  

Cucaah USA cozah cu atu lio ahcun, "Pawngkam" hi biapi ah a chia lo ngaingai timi a fiang. Rian tamnak ding le sipuazi kainak rumro an tuak caah, nikhatkhat ahcun USA mipi zong an luat hlei lai lo. Harnak an tong ve ko lai. Vawleicung mi vialte kan i bawmh i, kan tanrual lo ahcun, kan vawleicung khuacaan cu aa thleng chin lengmang lai i, buaibainak dangdang le harnak zong a tam chin lengmang ko cang lai. Cucaah vawleicung khuacaan thatnak ding caah,

Laimi nang le kei zong meiduah hna sum le thingram dawt zong kan rian a si ve.