Vawlei Ser A Si Ka
"Pathian vawlei hi teh zeitik dah a rak ser hnga? Vawlei hi ser a rak si ka ah, zeitin dah a rak um hnga?" timi cu minung nih hngalh khawhmi a si lo. Mifimm nih an tuaknak ah, vawleipumpi hi kum million 4500 tluk a tar cang an ti.
Khuaruahhar a simi pakhat cu, sceintist nih an ruahmi le Genesis i sernak tuanbia hi zeimawzat lawhnak an ngei. Scientists tampi nih, vawlei aa semka ahcun vawleipumpi hi tikhal (ice) nih a rak tuam dih tiah an ti. Vawleicung cu duhsah tein a van lum i, tikhal cu an ti ziahmah. Kum million tam nawn hnu ah, vawleipumpi cu tikhal chung in a rak chuak i, tii nih vawlei hi a rak khuh dih.
Cucu Bible zong nih sernak tuanbia a tialmi he aa lo ngai:-
A hramthawk ah, Pathian nih van le vawlei a ser hna. Vawlei cu muisam zong a ngei lo i, pungsang zong a ngei lo; muihnak nih rilipi (deep) cu a khuh i, Pathian Thlarau cu rilipi cungah aa chawk (Genes 1:1,2; KJV).Tikhal vialte an tiit dih i, vawlei pumpi cu Bible chim bantuk in tii nih a rak khuh dih. Cu tii cungah zeihmanh a rak um lo. A rak lawng. Cu a lawngmi ripipi ticung ahcun muihnak in a khat i, Pathian Thlarau lawng a rak i chawk. Kum tam tuk hnu ah, vawleipumpi cung tii hna cu, an van i cheu i tii le tlang a hung chuak. Cucu Bible ah a tial thanmi he aa lo ngaingai:
"[Tii] a cheu hmun khat ah an i pum i, vawlei an rak lang" (Gen. 1:9).
Cuticun tlang le rili hna cu an van i then.Cu caan thawk in, vawleipumpi hi duhsah tein a lum chin lenmang. Asinain a lum ning hi a rak fum tuk i, hmun tampi cu tikhal nih a tuam thiamthiam. Tu chan mifim hna nih, a liamcia caan kum million tampi lio sining an hei tuak tikah, "Vawleipumpi hi degree 4-7 (C) lumnak ding caah kum 5,000 a rau" an ti.
Asinain vawleipumpi lumning hi a rang chin lengmang i, kum zabu 20 nak chung lawng ah hin, 0.7 degee (C) a kai manh. Cu bantuk vawleipumpi lumnak cu "Global Warming" tiah ti a si. Kan vawleipi zong tikhal chung in a rak chuahtertu cu vawleipumpi lumnak ruangah a si i, nihin ni ah kan vawlei khuacaan tam tuk a thlengtu zong vawleipumpi lumnak thiamthiam a si.
Vawleipumpi Lumnak Nih A Chuahtermi
Vawleipumpi lumnak nih, vawleicung khuacaan thlennak a chuahter. Cu thil nih cun vawleicung thil umtuning a hmanter ti lo. Thil biapi bik a chuahtermi hna cu a tanglei bantuk in an si:
*Vawlei ser ka in a ti ballomi Vawlei a cunglei (North pole) le a tanglei (South pole) zong an tii tluahmah cang.
*Carbondioxide ruangah, "Ozone" zong kaupi a pem fawn cang i, vawleicung ah nika ceu a luh ning a fak chin lengmang i, minung caah harnak tampi a chuahter.
*Kum 1880 in 2012 chungah vawleipumpi hi degree 0.85 a kai. Vawleipumpi lumnak degree 1 a kai tik paohah, eidin chuakmi 5% a zor ti a si. 1981 in 2002 karah vawlei pumpi eidin chuahnak hi kum chiar in 40 megatonnes a zor.
*Rili tii lummi ruang le tikhal a timi ruang ah rili tii a kai chin lengmang i, 1901 in 2010 karah 19 cms a kai. Arctic tikhal hna hi, 1979 in kum 10 chungah square Km 1.07 lengmang a zor.
* Greenhouse gas hi atu bantuk tein an chuah peng ko ahcun 2100 donghnak ahcun vawleipumpi hi degeww 1.5 C a kai lai an ti. Cucu 1850 in 1900 tiang thil cangmi zohchun in chimmi a si. Tikhal an ti chinchin lai. Rili tii a lum chinchin lai i a karh chinchin lai. Cuticun rili tii a kai chinchin lai. 2065 ahcun rili tii hi 24-30 cm a kai lai i, 2100 ahcun 40-63 cm a kai lai. Greenhouse gas hi tampi thumh hmanh ah, khuacaan hi fawi tein aa khirh kho ding a si ti lo.
* 1990 hnu in vawleipumpi Carbon Dioxide chuahmi hi 50% a karh.
*2000 in 2010 tiang chuahmi Carbon Dioxide hi cu hlan, kum 10 chung lengmang i rak chuahmi Carbon Dioxide nak in a tam deuh.
*Minung fimnak, technology, minung ziaza le nunning thlen le remh ahcun seh-riantuannak chan hlan deuh i vawleipumpi lumnak tluk in vawlei khuacaan hi thum khawh cu a si ko hnga.
*National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) nih, 1992 rilipi tii dirhmun in tuak tikah 2030 ahcun rili tii hi zung 6-10 kar a thang kho i, 2100 ahcun zung 31-61 tiang a thang kho tiah an ti.
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| Rili tii thangmi nih a phum deng cangmi Kiribati ram |
Man Made Disaster
Vawleipumpi lumnak hi, minung ruangah a chuak deuhmi a si caah, "Man made disaster" (minung tuahmi rawhralnak) tiah scientist nih an ti. Zeicatiah khuacaan rawhnak hi, seh riantuannak a chuahtertu Industrial Revolution (1760-1840) nih a chuah pimi a si.
Vawleicung khua caan tahnak hi 1850 in an thawk i, vawleipumpi khuacaan thlen aa thawk hi 1880 kum in a si tiah mifimmi nih an ti. Khuacaan thlennak hrampi ruang cu, seh riantuannak nih a chuahpimi, zehzung khu, tlanglawng, motor, vanlawng le zeidang meikhu phunphai ruangah a si. Cu meikhu chungah aa telmi Greenhouse Gas timi cu vawleipumpi lumtertu dah a si.
Greenhouse Gas Timi Cu?
Vawleipumpi lumnak a chuahtertu cu "Greenhouse Gas" ti a si. Cu gas ahcun dah pathum-Carbondioxide (C02), Methane, Nitrous Oxide-an i tel. A a tambik cu Carbon Dioxide (76%) a si. Carbon Dioxide hi thingram khanghmi in 11% a chuak; lungmeihawl le meiti hmanmi khu kip, sehzung, mortor, vanlawng, tlanglawng, tilawng khu hna in 65% a chuak. Hi lakah lungmeihol le meiti (yinan) hi a zual bik a si. Atanglei hmanthlak hi, Greenhouse gas umtuning a si.
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| Greenhouse Gas timi umtuning |
Vawleipumpi lumnak nih khuacaan rawhnak le ningcanglo kalnak a chuahpi caah, a tanglei rawhralnak hi hmun kip ah a chuak chin lengmang lai ti a si:
Ni a lin chin lengmang lai; a cheu hmun ah khua a hrem lai i ram meikangh a zual lai; a cheu hmun ah a caan lo ah ruah a tam lai i tilian a chuak lai. Thlichia-Hurricane, Tornedo, Cyclone, Tropical Storm le Typhoon- a tam chin lengmang lai i vawleicung hmun zakip ah rawhralnak a chuak lai. Tlangcung tii tampi a reu lai. A zualbikmi cu tikhal an tiit dih lai caah rilipi tii a thang lai i, rikilam khua tampi le Pacific Rili, India Rili le Atlantic Rili cung ummi tikulh tampi cu tii nih a phum hna lai.Greenhouse gas chuahmi a tam chin lengmang bantuk in, vawleipumpi lumnak zong a kai ning a rang chin lengmang. Hlan lio ah vawleipumpi lumnak degree 5 kainak ding caah kum 5,000 a rau. Asinain a lumning a ran chin lengmang caah, a ra laimi kum zabu chung ahcun a lumning hi a let 20 in a rang lai an ti. Vawlei tuanbia zoh tikah 2016 hi a linh bik kum a si an ti.
Harnak Tong Hmasat Dimgmi Ram
Hi tining tein vawleipumpi lumnak hi a kai ahcun 2100 a donghnak ahcun Persian Rilikuai Ram pawl le Nichuah Laifang ram cheukhat cu, aircon tanglo ahcun nun a har cang lai ti a si. Abikin Dubai, Abu Dabi, Doha tibantuk khua hna hi nun an har khun lai ti a si. Nihin ni ah, Kuwait, Lybia, Dubai le Iraq ram khua cheukhat cu, thal ah degree 121 leng hna an kai. Hmailei ahcun Middle East ram pawl hi chuahtak zong hau te sehlaw theih lo an si.
Kawlram, India, Pakistan, Bangladesh le Asia Nichuahthlanglei ram hna zong an lin ngaingai lai ti a si. USA ram Texas le Arizona te hna zong minung nunnak ah a har ngaingai te ding an si ve. Nevada Ramkulh i Death Valley hna cu a linh tuk ah degree 136 (F) hna a rak phan bal.
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Tuluk ram Poyang Lake a car i nga a thimi
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Atu bantuk in vawlei a linh deuh paoh ah tikhal an ti deuhdeuh. Cu tikhal hang cu rilipi tii ah an luan caah rilipi tii a kai deuh. Cun a lum tikah rilipi tii kha a karh i kai chinchin fawn. Rilipi tii a thangmi nih, rili kam khua 533 hi harnak a pek ngai cang hna.
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| Minung 1,800 rengli thihtertu Hurricane Katrina (2005)
Mifimmi tuaknak ah, 2100 ahcun ram kip rili kam khuapi lianlian (16) cu rili tilet nih a hrawh hna lai ti a si. Minung tambik harnak a tong dingmi khua hna cu: Culcutta, Mumbai, Dhaka, Guangzhou, Shanghai, Tianjin, Ningbo, Bangkok, Tokyo, Ho-chi-mint, Haiphong, Amsterdam, Alexandria, New York le Newak, New Orleans le Miami an si. Hi vialte khua lak ah hin, Calcutta ummi minung million 14 hi harnak a tongmi a tambik an si te lai ti a si.
Florida ummi Miami zong hi, U.S ah a nuamh biknak khua, inn man a sannak bik, hotel tambik umnak, tourist tam bik kalnak le mirum nih innlo tampi an i ngeihnak a si. Rilipi tii a thangmi nih, Florida ah billion tam tuk sunghnak a chuahpi te lai tiah tuak a si. Abik in Fort Lauderdale le Miami Beach area hi fak bik in an tuar lai ti a si. Nihin ni hmanh ah, hi hmun hi tii nih a khuh i rawhralnak an tong chin lengmang cang.
Pre. Donald Trump zong hi Miami in chaklei meng 75 hlatnak Palm Beach ah Mar-a-Lago timi inn tha taktak a ngei. Amah nih cun "vawleicung khuacaan thlennak timi hi lih phuahcawpmi (hoax) a si" tiah a ti ko nain, a inn ngeihmi area pawng hrawnghrang zong rili tilet a sangmi nih a khuh ve tawn ko. A caan a phak cun Atlantic Rili tilet in a luat hlei lai lo. Ni khatkhat cu a hrawh ve te khawh ko.
Pacific Rili, India Rili le Atlanti Rili tikulh ram fa tete hna nih, vawleipumpi lumnak ruangah a chuakmi khuacaan thlennak le rili tilet thomi nih, nifatin te harnak a pek cuahmah lio le UNO pi hmanh nih biatak tuk in an ruah lio caan ah, vawleicung hruaitu ah ruahmi U.S Pre. Donald Trump hna nih "vawleicung khuacaan thlennak timi hi lih tawnmi (hoax) a si an timi cu" a pawi taktakmi thil a si. Vawlei pumpi hruaitu ruahmi nih, techin fapar chan kan vawleicung kong zong ruat lo in le UNO hnatlaknak zong tel lo duh lo in an um tikah, a pawi taktak. Hi bantuk in mah ram ca thatnak lawng an tuak ahcun, caan sau ahcun USA zong an him hlei te lai lo. An tuar ve thiamthiam ko lai.
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| Miami, Florida rikikam inn hna (Rf. pier.5ive.com) |
Nihin ni ah, rili tii paohpaoh an kai dih cang. Pacific Rilipi tii cu kum khat ah 1.2cm in a thang i, rili tikulh ram fatete 40 fai cu, thinphan dai lo in an um cang. Maldives tikulh 14 cu Indian Rilipi nih a phum cang. Solomon Islands, Kiribati le Tuvalu tikulh ram fatete cu rili tilet ruangah harnak an tong tuk cang hna i, hi hnu kum 40-60 ah rilipi tii nih a phum khawh hna ti a si. Cucaah zamnak ding vawlei hi ramdang ah cawk ding an i zuam peng. Ramchung mipi hi lungrawknak le ngaihchiatnakin khua an sa cang hna.
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| Paficic Rili tii nih a phum hmasat bikm-Kiribati Ram |
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| Rili tii thangmi nih a khuh cuahmahmi Kiribati tikulh ram |
Hi ram pawl zong hi, UNO nih "vawlei khuacaan dohnak kong" zongah an tang taktakmi ram an si. Hi ram fatete cu chunzan in an khuaruah lawng a har ko cang. Rawl ei tidin le ih hmanh kan ngamh ti lo ti a si. Cucaah Pre. Donald Trump nih "vawleipumpi lumnak hi tawnmi lih (hoax) a si" tiah a timi cungah ah, an ngaih a chia ngaingai.
Pope zong nih "U.S President nih a dirhmun zoh than ding in nawlnak ca tiang an kuat bantuk in tikulh ram fatete zong nih an kuat ve." Zeicatiah UNO nih vawleipumpi lumnak dohnak caah hin, kum khat ah billion tampi a chuah i, cu ahcun USA zong tambik tangka chuahtu a si ve caah a si. Cupin ah Greenhouse gas tambik a chuahtu ram pakhat a si caah a si.
Nihin ni ahcun Kawlram i Irrawady Delta ummi Laputta khua hrawng hmanh khi Andaman Sea rili tilet thomi nih a khuh chin lengmang cang hna. Rili kam khua hna hi Cyclone fakmi an tong chin lengmang. Cinthlaknak le rilikam thingram zong a rawk tuk cang ti a si. Kawlram ah tii a har chin lengmang i, tlangcung ram a simi Lai Tlang, Kachin, Shan le Kaya ram tibantuk hna zong a rauh hlan ah tii a har chin lengmang cang lai ti a si.
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| Nilin ruangah hitin Kawlram ah tibual a car |
Minung Tuanvo
Greenhouse gas cu minung nih kan sermi le hmanmi thilri in tam bik a chuah caah, a chuahtu zong minung kan si i, a zorter khotu zong minung kan si. Greenhouse gas tambik a ratnak hrampi (source) cu:-meiti, lungmeihol, thingram kangmi le thli-kihternak hang te hna an si. Motor aircon hmanh nih greenhouse gas a chuahter.
Minung kan karh deuh i, greenhouse gas a karh deuh ve. A lin deuh i aircon kan hman deuh i, greenhouse gas a karh deuh. Cucaah, greenhouse gas thumh ding hi a har taktak. Cu teinak ding caahcun, UNO hruainak in ramkip zuam a herh. Cu lawng ahcun khuacaan hi remh khawh ding a si.
Cucaah UNO hruainak in tuahmi Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) nih greenhouse gas thumh ding hi saduh an that i, Paris Agreement (Paris Hnatlaknak) cachoh an tuah. Ram 195 an i tel. November 30-December 12, 2015 tiang meeting an tuah i, ram tampi nih greenhouse gas thumh ding in min an thut. An mah le ram cio ah cozah nih policy ser i riantuan an i tim hna. Cucu minung dihlak kan tuanvo a si tiah UNO nih an ruah.
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| Paris Agreement Lio UNO Hruaitu hna |
IPCC riantuannak hi, 1992 United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) timi theipar a si. Cu zong cu 1997 Kyoto Protocol timi theipar an si than. Paris Agreement hlan i UNO hruainak pahnih zong hi "vawleipumpi lumnak zeitindah kan thumh khawh lai?" timi kong an si.
Paris Agreement hnatlaknak a tuahmi vialte hi a hringhrim lo in dantat awk an tha lo. A ruang cu Greenhouse gas tambik a chuahtu ram 55 hna nih greenhouse gas i 55% renglo hi an chuah caah a si. Cu ram 55 ram lak ahcun, Tuluk le USA hi tambik chuahtu an si. Hi ram hnih hi sipuazi ah a cak cem veve an si i, Paris Agreement hi an zul duh lo men lai tiah ramdang an lung a hring. An zum hna lo.
Cucaah Tuluk le USA (Obama chan) nih 2016 ah Hnatlaknak (Agreement) an tuah i, greenhouse gas thumh ve ding in, vawleipumpi theih in an rak thanh. Obama cozah zong aa zuam ve i, lungmeihol sehzung le tii/thli thianternak upadi an chuah i, Carbon Dioxide a chuahtu sehzung vialte ah remhter hna.
Pre. Trump nih cun "Global cliamate change hi lih tawnmi (hoax) a si" tiah a ti i, "Lungmeihol sehzung vialte zong kan nunter than lai, rian tampi kan ser than lai" tiah a ti. U.S nih Greenhouse gas thumh ding aa timh lo caah, Tuluk ram zong nih aa tim lai timi ruahchannak a um ti lo. Cucaah Paris Agreement minthumi hna zong nih an biakam an zul kho te hnga dek maw? An zulh ve lo ahcun, greenhouse gas cu a tum lai timi ruahchannak a um ti lo.
Greenhouse Gas chuahtu vialte zoh tik ah, Tuluk nih 28% a chuah; USA nih 16% a chuah. Hi ram (2) lawng nih hin 44% an chuahter. EU (ram 28) nih 10% lawng an chuahter. EU ram 28 nak in a let (4) renglo hi, Tuluk le USA nih an chuah caah, hi ram pahnih hi vawleicung thli a hnomhtertu bik ram an si hna.
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| Tuluk ram thli hnawmtam |
Vawleicung ram dihlak epchun tikah, Tuluk le U.S. ram hnih chuahmi greenhouse gas hi a dang ram 193 chuahmi he aa zat ngacha. Zei ruang dah a si? Tuluk le U.S cu sipuazi in vawleicung uktu an si caah a si. Hi ram pahnih hi, an luan tuk. An hak-a-kau tukmi ram an si. Hlan lio ah USA hi greenhouse gas tambik a chuahtu a rak si i, an ram cozah (EPA) nih biatak tein an van thumh caah, pahnihnak ah an tlakmi a si.
Pre. Trump ni "climate change" timi biafang hi, White House website hmanh in an hloh cang. "Cu thil nih an thinlung zei dah a si?" timi cu a langhter ko. Pre. Bush chan lio zongah "vawleipumpi lumnak hi a dik lo" tiah an rak ti ve thiamthiam. Sipuazi a tum lai ti an phan caah a si. Nihin ni ah, Tuluk, U.S.A, India, Russia le Japan nih tam taktak an thumh lo ahcun, vawleipumpi cu a lum chin lengmang ko lai. Cucu vawleicung mi vialte nih ruahcia a hau.
Nihin ni ah ram sifak tete abikin rili cung tikulh ram fatete hi, ram rummi hna ruangah an tuar khun. An nih cu an ram a niam pinah, an si a fak i an i rungveng kho ti lo. Kum a raoh hlan ah, tikulh ram fatete cu an lo cang lai i, cu ram minung hna cu "Vawleipumpi lumnak nih a chuahpimi a hmasat bik ralzammi an si lai" tiah mifim mi nih an ti.
Biadonghnak
Nihin ni ah vawleicung ah minung 7 billion kan um. Minung kan karh bantukin, motor, vanlawng, tilawng, sehzung a karh ve i, greenhouse gas chuahmi a tam deuhdeuh. Thli a hnawm deuhdeuh i, khuacaan aa rawk deuhdeuh pinah zawtnak a tam deuhdeuh i minung nunnak zong a tawi deuh ti a si. Cu thli hnawm thiantertu cu thingkung le ramkung lawng an si. Minung kan karh deuhdeuh i, thingram a tlawm deuhdeuh ve hawi.
Cucaah vawlei hi a lum chin lengmang lai i, nikhat caan khat ahcun minung, saram le thingram nun khawhlonak ding tiang in a lin kho ko tiah mifimmi hna nih an ruah. Cucaah kan vawleipumpi hi kum tampi a that i, minung kum tampi kan nun khawhnak ding caah, minung kan tuanvo nganbik cu "Greenhouse gas" thumh le thingram cin a si ko tiah scientist nih an ti.
Pathian nih minung hi vawlei i a kan chiah tikah, hi vawleicung zohkhenh ding le Amah Pathian caah chawkengtu tha si ding zong hi tuanvo a kan pek chih. Minung nih kan vawlei hi kan zohkhenh lo le dawt lo ahcun, hi vawlei hi kan mah lila nih hrawh te dingmi a si ko. Cucaah Pathian zummi paohpaoh nih cun Pathian pekmi vawlei zohkhenh ding le kilven ding kan ruanvo a si ve!
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