Atam deuh cu meitlang puakmi ruangh a chuakmi tibual an si. Hi bantuk tibual hna cu phundang te an si. Zeicatiah meitlang chung in a chuakmi acid tampi an i tel i, meitlang in gases datkhuvai zong tampi a chuah caah asi. Meitlang a thimi chung i a chuakmi tibual hna cu tii an thiang taktak.
Hi tibual hna hi, sceintist tampi nih an kong an hlat lengmanng hna hi, fimnak cawnnak caah hman an si. Kokek fingtlang cuanh duhmi hna caah, hmuh nuam hmunhma an si i, tourist phunkip nih va zohmi le lenmi hmunhma ah an cang. Acheu cu tangka tampi hmuhnak hmun an si.
Atanglei hna hi meitlang nih a chuahtermi tibual minthang bik 15 an si.
1. Crater Lake Mount Mazama, Oregon USA
Hi tibual hi USA ramchung ah a min a thang bikmi le thuk bikmi tibual asi. Pe 1,949 a thuk. Ruah le vur hna cu hi tibual akhahtertu bik tii an si caah, hi tibual tii hi a thiang taktak. Tibual umnak hmun hi meitlang par a rak si. Aliamcia kum 7,700 lio ah fak taktak in a rak puak i, tlang aa rawk dih i, cuka tlangpar hmun ahcun hi tibual hi a rak chuak. Vawlei kong theihngalmi scientist nih hi tibual hi kum 100 tluk an hlathlai cang. Tibual chung thil umtuning zoh in, hi hmun ah hin meitlang vawi zeizat dah a puah cang timi an tuak i, hmailei zong ah a puak kho than mi le lihninhnak zong hi hmun ah a chuak kho te men tiah an ruah.
Lake Mazama (Ref. www.alterra.com)
2. Albertine Rift. Africa
Rift timi cu a a thluan in a kuarmi tinak asi. Hi rift hi ram (5)-DDC (Democratic Republic of the Congo), Rawanda, Uganda, Brundi and Tanannia- tiang huap in a kalmi kuar asi. Asau hi 685-785 meng a sau. Tlang sang zong tampi a um. Meitlang umnak asi caah vawlei a tha i tupi a that caah saram phun tamtuk an umnak le cinthlak athatnak hmun a si.
Hi tibual pawl hi meitlang puakmi nih a chuahtermi tibual pawl an si. Africa ram ah a umnak hmun a sang bik pawl an si. Hi tibual pawl hi cozah nih an hual hna. Tibual hi artlang in an um. Hi tibual hna hi vawleitang a kakmi (plate tectonic) ruang ah a chuakmi asi i, vawleichung a thuhnak pi zoh tik ahcun, Africa hi duhsah tein hi tibual hna tang zawn in aa cheu ti a si. Hi a cheumi nih Somali ram khi nikhat khaat ahcun Africa he an then te lai tiah an ti.
Fei in piahnak hi rift a kalnak hmun cu a si ( Ref. NASA)
3. Mount Pinabuto, Luzon, Philippines
Pinabuto Tibual
Pinabuto hi 1991 ah a hnubik voikhat a puak than i, kumzabu 20 chungah meitlang puakmi ah a fak bik a rak si. Hi meitlang hi kum 400 renglo tiang daitein i um i, 1991 kum i a puah tiang, mi nih meitlang asi timi hi a ruah awk an rak thei lo. Hi meitlang hi a liamcia kum 35,000 lio ah fak taktak in a rak puak i, cu a puakmi nih tibual a chuahtermi asi.
Pinabuto Meitlang a puah lio (1991)
4. Quilotoa Crater Lake, Ecuador
Aliamcia kum 800 lio ah afahnak VEI-6 timi in a rak puah ruangah hi tibual aa sem. Tii hi pe 820 a thuk. Tii chungah dat aa telmi ruangah tii hi an hring. Nichuahlei tlangkam teah khin tilum a chuak.
5. Kelimutu Crater Lake, Flores Island, Indonesia
Flores Island ah hin crater lake timi tibual hi pathum an um i, pakhat cu a dum bak in a dum. A dang pahnih cu a sen le ahring ah an i thleng tawn. Hi craters tibual pathumm hi meitlang pakhat in a rak chuakmi an si ko nain, zeicadah an rawng (color) aa dan cio hnga timi hi scientist nih aphi an kawl lio le hlathlai lio asi. Nihin tiang cu aphi an thei kho rih lo.
Hitin a color hi aa thleng tawn (cung le tang)
Naih deuh ummi tibual (2) hi an color an i thleng tawn
Tibual pakhat cu hitin thi bantuk in a sen tawn
6. Heaven Lake, Baekdu Mountain-Tuluk le North Korea ramri
Tuluk le North Korea ramri ah, hi aa dawh taktakmi crater tibual hi a um. Cu tibual nih cun minthang ngai asimi Baekdu Mountain meitlang kha a khuh. AD 969 ah meitlang fak ngai in a rak puakmi nih, hi tibual hi a chuahter. Tibual hi atu lio ah pe 699 tluk a thuk. October in June thla karlak ahcun hi tibual hi vur nih a khuh dih caah, tii hmuh awk a tha tuk lo. North Korea nih an i uar bik Tourist tampi kalnak hmun asi.
Hi tibual hi apunsan phun dang ngai le uar awk um ngaimi asi. Chile le Bolivia ramri ah a ummi asi. Crater lakte taktak hi cu Chile ramchung ah a um nain, meitlang area acheu cu Chile ah a um i acheu cu Bolivia ah aum. Hi tibual hi pe 3,281 a thuk i, a kum ngacha in tikhal ni a khuh.
8. Vulcan Point, Taal Volcano-Luzon Phillippines
Hi tibual hi Manila khualipi in meng 31 lawng ahla i, hmanthlak ah aa dawh taktakmi tibual asi. Tibual a laicer ah lungzum duhsah tein a rak chuakmi aum. Cu lungzum umnak hmun cu hlanpi ahcucn, tibual tawne ah a ummi asinain duhsah tein cungah a thang i, atu cu ticung ah a chuak. Hi tibual hi meng 1.2 a kau i, a laicer ah tikulh pakhat a chuak.
9. Mount Katmai-Alaska, USA
Hi tibual hi 1912 ah a puakmi Novarupta ruang ah a chuakmi tibual asi. Khua a sihnak ram asi caah, vur nih caan tam deuh cu a khuh. Kum zabu 20 nak i meitlang puakmi lak ah a fak bik asi. 1980 i a puakmi St. Helens meitlang puakmi nakin a let 10 in a cak deuh. Tibual umnak hi pe 4,220 a sang i, tibual a tawne cu pe 3,400 asi. A puakmi aa bauhmi hi meng 6.3 tluk a kau i, tibual taktak hi cu meng 3x2 tluk a kau.
10. Viti Geothemal Crater Lake, Askja-Iceland
Iceland ram i alaiva ummi tlangsang cungah a ummi tibual asi. Askja timi min cu, hi tlang pawng hrawnghrang ah a ummi calderas tampi an hmuhmi ruangah an auhmi asi. Tibual lianpi amin ah Oskjuvatn cu 1875 ah a puakmi meitlang nih a chuahtermi asi. Cu tibual nih cun a pawng ah a ummi vawleikuar pawl kha tii a khahter hna. Hihi Iceland ram ah a thuk bikmi tibual asi. Hi tibual le apawng ummi tibual hna hi a kum ning ngacha in tii an khal.
11. Kerid Crater Lake-Iceland
Calderas tampi ummi lakah hihi lawng hi tha tein hmuh khawhmi tibual asi. Hi tibual "the Golden Circle" timi tourist tampi an kalnak lamkam ah a um. Hi tibual hi vawlei an i thawn ruang ah aa semmi tibual asi. Nihin ni tiang caldera hna hmuh khawh peng ding in an umnak a ruang bik cu, hi tibual hna hi an no adang meitlang tibualnak in kum cheu an no deuh i, an kum hi 3,000 hrawng lawng asi caah asi.
12. Yak Loum-Ratanakiri, Cambodia
Aliamcia kum 4,000 lio ah meitlang fak taktak a puakmi nih hi tibual hi a chuahter. Pe 157 a thuk. Tupi chah taktakmi chungah a um i a tii hi a thiang taktak. Thingkung lianlian tampi a um caah saram le va phun tampi an um. Tourist tampi tlawnmi tibual asi.
13. Deriba, Jebel Marra-Darfur, Sudan
Hi tibual cu a liamcia kum 3,500 hrawng ah a rak puakmi, "the Jebel Marra Meitlang" timi nih hi tibual dawh takak hi a chuahter. South Sudan ah a um. Tibual tang ummi meitlang hi a nung rihmi asi. A thih rih lo caah, zeitik paoh ah a puak khomi asi.
14. Lake Mount Ruapehu-New Zealand
Ruapehu hi vawleicung ah a cawlcang bik le a lian bikmi meitlang pakhat ah an chiah. Tlangpar pathum ummi lakah a laiva ummi tlangpar cungah a ummi tibual asi. Meitlang a puah caan paoh ah tibual hi tii in a khat zungzal. A thuk ngaingaimi tibual asi. Tlang a san caah snow nih a khuh lengmang.
15. Lake Okama, Mount Zao-Honshu Tikulh, Japan
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Zohchunhmi Ca Hna
1. http://www.earthporm.com/15-beautiful-crater-lakes-around-world/
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