Crimea: Russia Ram Maw asi? Ukraine Ram Dah?

Biahmaithi:
Crimea hi Ukraine ram thlanglei hriangbik ah a ummi, mah tein a ukmi ramkulh pakhat a si. 1954 i Ukraine an pek hna hlan cu, Russia ram chung ah rak um. An ram hi, fingtlang a tam. Nelrawn zong tam ngai a um. Lungpang, tibual, tupi, tiva dawhdawh le pangpar dawhdawh an umnak hmun a si. Rili Nak (Black Sea) timi chung ah a va fonghleimi tikulh a si. Russia ram he rili meng 5 tluk akaumi nih a dan hna. Ukraine ram he tlang fate nih a peh hna.


                       Crimea ram aa dawhnak bik hmun pakhat

Chinchiah Ding 
Min:            Autonomous Republic of Crimea (ARC)
Khualipi:    Simferopol
Milu:          1,977,1967 (2013 est)
Area:          10,038 Sq meng
Miphun:       Russia-60%; Ukraine-24%; Muslim Tartar-12%; others-4%
Official language:      Ukrainian language
Russian Speakers:     77%


                                          Crimea Map


           Crimean Tlangthluan

     

                    Simferopol khua rilikam



                    Simferopol Khua


          Simferopol Tiilawng Dinhnak

Crimea Tikulh fonghlei hi, vawlei tuanbia zoh tikah tuanbia a ngei ngaingaimi tikulh fonghlei pakhat asi. Hi tikulh hi nihin ni vawlei tuanbia ah a linsa bikmi tuanbia pakhat ah aa cang. Zeicatiah cu ka tikulh fonghlei cu nihin ni ah, Ukraine ram ah a um nain, Russia cozah nih kan miphun umnak asi i kan runven hna a herh timi bia tlaih in, ralkap tampi an luhter hna caah a si.

Hi Crimea ah hin, minung 2 million tluk an um i, cu chungah 60% tluk cu Russia miphun an si. Ukraine ahcun a um ko nain, an nih hi independent ram bantuk dengmang in, parliament zong an ngei ve. Crimea hi vawleicung tuanbia ah a biapi taktakmi hmunhma pakhat a rak si. Vawlei Ralpi II lio ah, "Big Three" timi Russia hruaitu Stalin, UK Prime Minister Winston Churchill le US Pre. Franklin D. Roosevelt hna, an rak i tonnak hmun asi caah, tuanbia ah min a ngeihnak khun asi.


             Crimea Conference (1945)
L-R: Winston Churchill, Franklin D. Roosevelt, Joseph Stalin




        Crimea Tikulh Fonghlei le pawngkam ram hna



                              Crimea Map

Hi Crimea ah, Russia ralkap an luh tikah, nitlaklei ram an thin a hung. NATO le EU chungtel pawl zong, an thin a hun lawng siloin an thin a phang. Cucaah US le Nitlaklei ram hna nih Russia cawlcangh ning cu, an duh lo i, Russia cu an mawhchiat. Sect. John Kerry le bang nih cun, Crimea in na ralkap na chuahter hna lo ahcun, "G-8 in Russia kan in chuah lai; sipuazi pehtlaihnak kan phih lai; nan bank tangka kan phih lai; visa kan in phih hna lai" tiah a ti. Russia president Putin nih cun, "Cucu biapi ah zeihmanh a chiahpiak ve lo." Nan mah US nih international law vawi zeizat dah nan buar timi tu hi, va ruat ko u tiah ati ve.


                                    Crimea rilikam hmun khat

Asiahcun hi tikulh fonghlei hi, Russia ta ding maw asi? Ukraine ta ding timi khi, pumpak cio nih ruah cio ding a

1. 1783: Russia nih Crimea kha an ram ah a khumh. Ottoman le Crimea ummi Tartar pawl cu Russia nih raltuknak ah an rak tei hna.

2. 1853: Crimean War timi kum 3 chung raltuknak achuak. Russia cu, Ottoman Empire le hawikawm ram asimi France, Mirang le Sardina he an i kap. Russia ral a sung. Crimea tu cu Russia ram ah a um than. Hi raltuknak ah hin, vawleicung nurse riantuannak ah minthangmi Florence Nightingale tuanbia aa thawknak asi. Russia ral a sungh caah, ningzahnak le hmaichiatnak a rak tong.

3. 1917: Crimea hi caantawite aluatmi ram pakhat a rak si. Russia ramchung kahnak a um lio ah, Bolshevik ralkap pawl a rak dohtu, White Army timi pawl nih umnak sakhan ah an rak hman.

4. 1921: Crimea cu, Crimean Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic timi min in Soviet Union ramchungah a um.

5. 1942: Hitler hruaimi Nazi Germany nih Crimea an rak uk.

6. 1944: Joseph Stalin nih Crimea i a ummi Muslim Tatar miphun, 300,000 tluk cu, Ralpi Pahnihnak lio ah, Hitler nan dirpi timi in sual a phawt hna i, Crimea in a rak pawnchuah hna. Asia ram laifang ah a rak dawi hna. Hi Tartar pawl hi 1980-1990 kum ah an rak kir than.

7. 1945: Ralpi II nak adih tikah, Autonomous Soviet Republic timi kha an hrawh i, Crimean Oblast timi min in, Soviet Union chung ramkulh pakhat ah a cang.

8. 1954: Russian Premier Nikita Khrushchev nih Crimean Oblast cu Ukraine ram chungah a rak chiah. Mitampi chimnak ah, hitin Khrushchev nih  a tuahnak cu, Ukraine ram cungah dawtnak ngeihnak a langhgter duhnak lungput ruangah a si an ti. Russia Empire chungah kum 300 nan um cang caah kan i lawm tinak caah an pekmi hna a si ti asi. Khrushchev zong cu Ukraine hnahthlak pakhat a rak si ve fawn caah asi ti zong ah a timi an um. Crimea cu 1954 hnu lawng in, Ukraine ram ah a rak um. Hi lio ah USSR rampi cu a kuai lai tiah an rak ruat kho lo. Nihin ni ahcun, Russia nih an hruh man an cawi cawk ti lo.

9. 1991: Soviet Union rampi aa rawk. Minung tampi nih cun, Pre. Boris Yeltsin nih hin, Crimea hi Russian Federation caah a lak than te theu lai tiah an rak ruah. Asinain Ukraine cozah he an rak i caihkhan lio ah, cu kong cu ka khat hmanh a rak chim ti lo. Caan tha a rak liamter ve than.

10. 1997: Russia le Ukraine nih cachoh an rak tuah i Crimea ah Russia ram nih tii lei ralkap sakhan chiahnak nawl an rak pek. 2009 ah nitlaklei ram a uar deuhmi Ukraine president Viktor Yuschenko nih Russia tilei ralkap sakhan hi 2017 hrawng ahcun nan chuak te men lai tiah ralrin a rak pek chung hna. 2010 ah Russia a uar deuhmi Viktor Yanukovych president ah a tlin tikah, cachoh an tuah than i, Crimea i Sevastapol khua ah, Russia tiralkap sakhan 1942 tiang chiahnak nawl a ngei.

11. Tuchun: Tartar miphun hi Crimea ah 12% an um. An nih cu Ukraine an duh deuh hna. Crimea hi Ukraine ah um seh ti an duh.

12. 2014: 2013 Ukraine buainak ruangah Pre. Viktor Yanukovuch cu a zam. Minung 100 hrawng thihnak ruangah, tlaih ding in order an chuah. Russia ram chungah a um. Crimea cu Russia miphun tamnak asi caah, an thin a hung ve. Cucaah Russia ralkap tampi Crimea runvennak caah tiin, an lut. Crimea ah Russia a duhmi le duhlomi buainak tampi a chuak. Russia Pre. Putin cu mi za taktak KGB hruaitu a rak si caah, tutan hi caan tha lak in, Crimea hi Russia ah luhter than a duh timi cu ruah khawh a si. An hruh man an cawimi kha a miak hmuh than a duh cang.

13. 2014: March 6 ah Crimea Parliament nih Russia ram ah fonh ding in, vote an pek. US nih Russia sipuazi phih ding, visa phih ding le Russia tangka vialte phih piak chung dingin, timhtuahnak an ngei. Hi hnu ni 10 (March 16 hrawngah) ah Crimea ram chungah mipi duhnak laknak (Referendum) an tuah lai i, Russia ram ah kawmh an duh ahcun, Crimea cu Russia ramkulh pakhat ah aa chuah than te ding asi. Hi bantuk thil sining hi, US le EU nih an doh tuk ve caah, aphi cu zeidah a lawh te lai.


Russia tii lei ralkap sakhan umnak Sevastopol khua


               Russia ti ralkap sakhan


           Russia ti ralkap tiilawng




Sevastopol ummi Russia tilei ralkap tii lawng pawl


Hmailei Crimea?
Crimea hi hlan lio chan in vawlei tuanbia ah minthang pakhat a rak si. Aruang cu ral voi tampi an rak i tuknak tikulh asi caah le Bid Three meeting an rak tuahnak khua asi caah a si. Ralkap sakhan, tilei ralkap sakhan umnak ah a rem tuknak hmun a si. Black Sea i kutka bantuk asi caah, hi ram a ngeitu cu vawlei tuanbia ah a biapi taktak dingmi an si.

Hi ram hi NATO nih an ngeih khawh ahcun, Russia ca ahcun "bawm chung khumh le hren bantuk" asi ding asi. Russia nih an ngeih ahcun, NATO nih nichuahlei ah duhpaoh in an cawlcangh khawh lo nak ding caah, "hauhruang bantuk" asi ding a si. Hi tiilawng sakhan hi, Russia ram nih ramkip buainak a um tikah a hman bikmi ralkap, hriamnam, eidin le zeikip thilri an luhchuahpinak khua a si. Atu Syria a buai tik zongah hi tii lawng dinhnak hi, thilri le hriamnam tambik kuatnak ah an hmanmi sakhan a si caah, Russia caah a biapi tuk.

Cucaah USA zong atu bantuk in buainak a chuah tikah, Crimea hi independence a lak sual lai i, Russia lei ah aa bek sual lai ti a phan tuknak asi. Russia zong Crimea hi 1954 tiang bak aram arak si komi kha, midang kut ah kal thai ding a duh ve lo. Cucaah tutan Ukraine buainak hi, Russia caah cun, caan tha pakhat asi.

Hmailei ah Crimea ah zeidah a cang lai? Russia maw asi thai lai? Ukraine dah asi than lai? Asiloah mah te a ukmi zalawngmi ram ah dah aa chuah lai timi cu zoh cio rih ding asi ko.

Crimea Referendum
Acunglei ca ka tial hnu March 16, 2014 ah, Crimea referendum an tuah tikah, Crimea mipi 96.8% nih Crimea cu Ukraine in chuah ding in vote an pek. A thaizing March 17 ah, Crimea cu Ukraine in Independence a lak i, Russia ah fonh ding in bia an khiah i, Russia ramchugn ah tel ve ding in an sawk colh. Russia cozah nih March 18, 2014 ah an cohlan hna i, President Putin nih "Crimea cu Russia ram pakhat asi" tiah thawng an thanh.

Cu tikah, Ukraine zong a cawl kho ti lo. EU zong a cawl kho ti lo. USA le adang NATO ram chungtel pawl zong nih zeihmanh an ti kho ti lo. March 27 ah, U.N General Assembly ram 193 chungah, Moscow nih dirkamh in Crimea nih referendum an tuahmi hi,  adik lo tiah biakhiahnak an tuah. Cuka ahcun, ram 100 nih vote pek; 11 nih an doh; ram 58 nih vote pe duh lo in an um. Crimea ruangah Russia zong US, Canada le EU nih sipuazi phihnak an tuah. Sipuazi an phih tikah Russia caahcun harnak le sunghnak tampi a chuak ko lai nain, caan sau ca tuak ahcun Russia caah a miaknak asi thiamthiam te ding a si.

Zeicatiah Crimea cu Black Sea caah a biapi tukmi tiiralkap umnak le NATO ram pawl duhpaoh in cawlcangh khawhlonak ding caah a biapi tukmi hmunhma asi caah a si. Cu hi Crimea Referendum nih Russia caah naingaizi a miak a chuahpi chapmi cu, Ukraine nichuahlei ummi, Russia holh hmangmi hna pahnih ah, tapung thawhnak le Ukraine in chuah duhnak le Russia ah i fonh duhnak a chuahter than i, cu buainak cu atu ca ka tial lio ah hin a buai cuahmah lio asi. Cu ram pahnih zong cu Ukraine in an chuah i, Russia ah an i fonh ahcun, cucu Russia ram caah Russia Empire thar dirh tluk asi cang i, amiak tuk dingmi asi thiamthiam.

UN, EU, Canada le US nih "Crimea Referendum cu a diklo" tiah ti ko hmanh hna sehlaw, Russia cu zeitin an ti kho hlei fawn lai lo. Sipuazi an phih tik zong ah Russia rawhnak taktak a chuak kho fawn lai lo. Cun Russia sipuazi phih cu EU ca zong ah a fawi ding asi hlei lo.

Cupinah, February 17, 2008 ah, Kosovo ramkulh fate pakhat nih, Serbia ram in independence a lak lio ah, EU ram tampi, US le Canada hna nih an cohlan. 2014 ahcun ram 109 nih an cohlan ko. Cu independence alak lio ah, International Court of Justice (ICJ) zong nih, "Kosovo nih independence a lakmi nih international law a buar lo" tiah an rak timi bia a um tikah, Crimea kong zongah Crimea Parliament le Russia nih cucu aa tlaih ve cang. Nitlaklei ram zong an ka a pit. Holhnak an thei ve ti lo. Cucaah Kosovo ni independence athanh tik i US, EU le vawlei ram tampi nih an cohlan ko ahcun, Crimea nih independence a thanh tik le Russia ram i aa fonh than tikah, cucu an mah nawl asi ve awk asi ko hnga lo maw tiah mi tampi nih an ruah ve.